Spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses.

INTRODUCTION: Areas at risk of transmission of arboviruses have been monitored using ovitraps. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti in vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses and assess the influence of climatic conditions on the infestation of these culicids. METHODS: Ovitraps were installed in Agrestina, Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: Overall, 44,936 eggs were collected, and the indexes of infestation varied. Relative humidity was significantly associated with the infestations. CONCLUSIONS: Using ovitraps, entomologic indexes and analysis of climatic factors might be good strategies for monitoring vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses.

Spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Areas at risk of transmission of arboviruses have been monitored using ovitraps. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti in vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses and assess the influence of climatic conditions on the infestation of these culicids. METHODS: Ovitraps were installed in Agrestina, Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: Overall, 44,936 eggs were collected, and the indexes of infestation varied. Relative humidity was significantly associated with the infestations. CONCLUSIONS: Using ovitraps, entomologic indexes and analysis of climatic factors might be good strategies for monitoring vulnerable areas for the transmission of arboviruses.

Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an urban area of Northeastern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION:: The sandfly fauna is well studied globally. In Brazil, sandfly fauna is very diverse in the Northeast region, especially in states such as Maranhão, Ceará, and Bahia. However, in the State of Pernambuco, the distribution of these insects is still not well known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the different species that constitute the sandfly fauna in an urban area in the Northeast region of Brazil, where an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recently reported. METHODS:: The sandflies were collected from an urban area endemic for VL, at five collection points. The collection of samples was carried out from November 2014 to December 2015, using CDC light traps installed in intradomiciliary and peridomiciliary fashion. RESULTS:: The collected sandflies (n = 297) belonged to eight species: Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia capixaba, Lutzomyia carmelinoi, and Lutzomyia whitmani. Most of the specimens collected were peridomiciliary (247/297, 83%). L. lenti (154/297, 52%) was the most frequently sampled species, followed by L. longipalpis (88/297, 29.6%), and L. sallesi (42/297, 14.1%), which together accounted for over 90% of the collected sandfly specimens. CONCLUSIONS:: The continued presence of L. longipalpis in urban areas, including that in intradomiciliary areas, with a predominance of females, is crucial because of the high possibility of them causing VL outbreaks, since this species is the main vector of Leishmania infantum in Brazil.

Sandflies (diptera: psychodidae) in an urban area of Northeastern Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The sandfly fauna is well studied globally. In Brazil, sandfly fauna is very diverse in the Northeast region, especially in states such as Maranhão, Ceará, and Bahia. However, in the State of Pernambuco, the distribution of these insects is still not well known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the different species that constitute the sandfly fauna in an urban area in the Northeast region of Brazil, where an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recently reported. METHODS: The sandflies were collected from an urban area endemic for VL, at five collection points. The collection of samples was carried out from November 2014 to December 2015, using CDC light traps installed in intradomiciliary and peridomiciliary fashion. RESULTS: The collected sandflies (n = 297) belonged to eight species: Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia sallesi, Lutzomyia migonei, Lutzomyia walkeri, Lutzomyia capixaba, Lutzomyia carmelinoi, and Lutzomyia whitmani. Most of the specimens collected were peridomiciliary (247/297, 83%). L. lenti (154/297, 52%) was the most frequently sampled species, followed by L. longipalpis (88/297, 29.6%), and L. sallesi (42/297, 14.1%), which together accounted for over 90% of the collected sandfly specimens. CONCLUSIONS: The continued presence of L. longipalpis in urban areas, including that in intradomiciliary areas, with a predominance of females, is crucial because of the high possibility of them causing VL outbreaks, since this species is the main vector of Leishmania infantum in Brazil.

Reestruturação das orientações dirigidas pelo Ministério da Saúde ao controle do vetor, transmissor da leishmaniose visceral, no município de Caruaru, PE / Restructuring guidelines directed by the Ministry of Health to the vector control, transmitter of visceral leishmaniasis in the municipality of Caruaru, PE

As leishmanioses são doenças infecciosas que acometem humanos e outros vertebrados, causadas por várias espécies de protozoários do gênero Leishmania (ordem Kinetoplastidae, família Trypanosomatidae) e transmitidas por mosquitos da subfamília Phlebotominae. Apresentam diferentes formas clínicas, dependendo da espécie envolvida e da relação do parasita com seu hospedeiro. De acordo com a política de Saúde vigente em nosso País, o Controle das Leishmanioses estão entre as ações a serem desenvolvidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A execução dessas ações eram inicialmente de responsabilidade do Governo Federal, através da Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FUNASA), mas com o processo de descentralização das endemias, as ações passaram a ser de responsabilidade das Secretarias Estaduais e Municipais de Saúde, no qual muitos municípios não conseguiram se estruturar para executar as ações inerentes as endemias. Diante disso, o presente trabalho objetiva apresentar um projeto de intervenção sobre a reestruturação do Programa de Controle da Leishmaniose no município de Caruaru, no que diz respeito ao seu componente vetorial. O Projeto tentará reestruturar o programa, bem como, promover capacitação dos agentes de campo e do laboratório de entomologia do município, buscando parcerias com a Secretaria Estadual através da IV Regional de Saúde e com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Apresenta intuito de adquirir equipamentos e insumos necessários para a reestruturação das atividades entomológicas no município, uma vez que, as ações do Programa de Controle da Leishmaniose estão limitadas ao inquérito sorológico canino e ao controle químico. Após a reestruturação do Programa, o projeto de intervenção contempla o acompanhamento e a qualificação continuada dos atores envolvidos nas atividades entomológicas, como também, o conhecimento da biologia do vetor transmissor da leishmaniose, além da possibilidade de implantação de metodologias que possam contribuir para o levantamento de informações quantitativas e qualitativas sobre a fauna flebotomínica no município.